The Establishment in the 1960s Essay Example For Students

?The Establishment in the 1960s Essay The nineteen sixties were times of great change. Many people went frommoderates to radicals because of the environment around them. That environmentwas called the establishment. It included all of the events going on in the nineteensixties. Some of the main events taking place were the Vietnam War, thegovernment, the Democratic National Convention and the culture (*). Manyprotested things that they did not believe in or thought was wrong (*). There weremany things that made the radicals different from the moderates. They were themusic they listened to and the clothes they wore. Most obviously was the waythey acted. In the summer of 1967, society and rock and roll were going through somemajor changes. People who listened to rock and roll wore flowers in their hair andon their clothes. They Grooved to tunes by The Grateful Dead, Cream,Jefferson Airplane, and many others (*). Radical was the name given to thesediverse cultural icons of the sixtys revolution. These radicals were associatedwith the many of the youth parties who shared their views with the country. Themusic that the radicals listened too greatly affected the way the acted. It was themellow tune and the moving lyrics that inspired this generation of teenagers. Theystood up for what they believed in from listening to the rock and roll, which isnow, classified as classic rock. The people who didnt listen to the new rock androll, listened to classical and jazz music. They thought the radicals who listened torock and roll were rebels. Large get togethers were common in the sixties. Atthese be ins, as they were called, people ate, drank, a nd listened to music (*). We will write a custom essay on ?The Establishment in the 1960s specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The greatest musical get-together that had the most influencing effect onthe people of the sixties was Woodstock 69. This was the largest rock concertever and was held in Bethel, New York. It was three days long, beginning onAugust 15 and ending on August 17 in 1969. The Woodstock Ventures was thenewly founded company organizing the three-day festival. The Town of Wallkillwas the anticipated site for the music festival, but city officials and residentsprotested it. Laws were made to make sure that Woodstock was not to be held inWallkill. The laws were passed, so the Woodstock Ventures team had to searchfor a new site. They ended up finding a 600-acre cow pasture suitable for a three-day concert in the town of Bethel, New York. The city and state officials said theyhad everything planned for and prepared before the concert. But when it camearound to the opening day, they knew what they hadnt planned for, a crowd ofmore than 500,000 people. The concert started at exactly 5:07 P.M. on A ugust15, 1969 (*). Around midnight on the first day, it started to rain. In as little asthree hours, five inches of rain fell. This caused the field to flood, and makingeveryone and everything a big mud puddle. Through the three days there weretwo deaths, but also two births. Both of the deaths were by accident. At the endof the final day, people began to slowly make their way out of the once was grassfield. That barren field now has a monument remembering those three days ofmusic. It attracts visitors from all over the country, who want to see where thebiggest party of all time was once held (*). Dress in the nineteen sixties showed what kind of attitude you possessedand the views you obtained. There were two dominant groups of dress in thesixties. One was the radical and hippie attire. It consisted of older, more raggedlooking outfits. They usually wore headbands or bandanas on their heads. Sometimes they would wear tie-dye or multicolor mixed shirts. The pants thatmost of this teenage generation would don were usually aged and battered, whichsometimes beared holes in them. The types of shoes that they wore depended onthe individual. Some wore tall boots, short boots, and sandals. The most popularshoes were the original Converse All-Stars (*). Most people just wore whateverthey could find, and didnt care what they looked like (*). The second dominantgroup of dress was the older, non-teenage generation. The men usually woreclean, newly pressed clothes. Some men wore suits all of the time. Men mostlywore black shiny dress shoes. The women wore clean, new clothes unlike theteenagers of the time. .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef , .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef .postImageUrl , .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef , .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef:hover , .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef:visited , .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef:active { border:0!important; } .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef:active , .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u39348a59ca6615e1fa248ada405c4cef:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Eminem EssayPeople of the sixties were very judgmental when it came to clothes peoplewore. When someone saw a hippie for the first time, they automatically thoughtthat they were rebels who didnt want a government (*). The older, moderatepeople looked down upon these hippies because they expressed themselvesthrough their clothes (*). The radicals attitude toward the older, non-hippiegeneration was that they didnt know how to stand up for what they believe in (*). The government of the nineteen sixties had an enormous impact on the waypeople acted. Some agreed with the government, and some didnt. Some of thepeople even tried to change the way it worked. The presidents played a large rolein the action taken by the government. Lyndon Baines Johnson became the thirty-sixth president after theassassination of John F. Kennedy in November 1963. A skilled promoter ofliberal domestic legislation, he was also a dedicate believer in the use of militaryforce to help achieve the countrys foreign policy objectives. His increase ofAmerican involvement in the Vietnam War decreased his popular standing and ledto his decision not to run for reelection for presidency in 1968. Johnsons attitudetoward the Vietnam War was apparent. He believed in strong military action. Johnson had increased the number of U.S. military forces there from 16,000 at thetime of Kennedys assassination to nearly 25,000 a year later. Later Johnson beganto increase the United States involvement in the Vietnam. Johnson began the rapiddeepening of U.S. involvement in Vietnam; as early as February 1965, U.S. planesbegan to bomb North Vietnam. American troop strength in Vietnam increased tomore than 180,000 by the end of the year and to 500,000 by 1968. Johnson didnot have the same views as some of the radicals. He wanted to keep the UnitedStates in the Vietnam War, while the radicals did not. Richard Nixon was the thirty-seventh president after Lyndon Johnson. Nixon didnt believe in the Vietnam War as highly as Johnson. In 1973, after fouryears of war in Vietnam, the administration managed to arrange a cease-fire thatwould last long enough to allow U.S. departure from Vietnam. Nixon had verydifferent views then the radicals. He thought that all of the protestors were rebelswho should have action taken against them. Even though he ordered the departureof all United States troops from Vietnam, he still believed in the war. John Fitzgerald Kennedy became the 35th president of the United States in1961 at the age of 43. He was the youngest man and the first Roman Catholicever elected to the presidency. In 1963 Kennedy was thinking ahead to thepresidential campaign of 1964. In order to develop peace between clashingcommittees of the Democratic party in Texas, he traveled there in November 1963. While driving in a motorcade through Dallas on November 22, he was shot in thehead and died within an hour. Newly sworn in president Johnson appointed theWarren Commission to investigate the assassination. It concluded that the killer,acting alone, was 24-year-old Lee Harvey Oswald. No motive was established. People believed over the years that Kennedy was the victim of a conspiracy (*). Martin Luther King, Jr. devoted his life to the fight for full citizenshiprights of the poor, disadvantaged, and racially oppressed in the United States. King flew to Memphis, Tennessee to assist striking sanitation workers. There, onApril 4, 1968, King was Shot and killed. The violent death of King brought animmediate reaction of rioting in black ghettos around the country. Although oneman, James Earl Ray, was convicted of Kings murder people suspected that hewas payed by conspirators (*). .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8 , .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8 .postImageUrl , .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8 , .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8:hover , .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8:visited , .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8:active { border:0!important; } .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8:active , .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8 .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubdfae95f8825fe8cb2948627c7b999c8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: In The Pursuit of Happiness EssayRobert Francis Kennedy was the younger brother of U.S. President John F. Kennedy. He was a U.S. attorney general and a U.S. senator during his lifetime. After President Lyndon B. Johnson failed to choose Kennedy as his 1964 runningmate, he resigned and won a U.S. Senate seat from New York. He focused on theneeds of poor minorities and became a sharp critic of the Vietnam War. In March1968, Kennedy announced his candidacy for the Democratic presidentialnomination. On the night of June 4, 1968 Kennedy was celebrating his victory inthe California primary. On that night, Kennedy was fatally shot. Kennedy did notdie instantly, instead, he died two days later, on June 6, 1968. His assassin was animmigrant from Jordan named Sirhan B. Sirhan was arrested at the scene and laterconvicted of first degree murder(*). The Democratic National Convention of 1968 was planned to be a peacefulconvention of democrat views and ideas. Antiwar activists also planned for it tobe a peaceful, six day festival protesting the Vietnam War. There were no plans ofviolence in the six days. When the Chicago mayor at the time, Richard Daley,heard of the protestors coming to the convention, he ordered 7,500 U.S. Armytroops and 6,000 National Guardsmen to back up his 12,000 police officers. Itwas held from August 26-29, 1968. Riots began to form so the law enforcementtook action. The media captured most all of the riots on camera and broadcastedthem live on television. Daley was even caught on camera shouting obscenities atSenator Abraham Ribicoff, who accused the police of Gestapo tactics (*). The Vietnam War was a crucial factor in the protesting and rioting in thenineteen sixties. The war took place from the mid nineteen fifties until 1975. Thetwo sides fighting were North Vietnam versus South Vietnam aided by the UnitedStates. In 1975, North Vietnam took the victory over South Vietnam and the U.S. This was a great shock to American self confidence. Opposition to the war grewwith increased U.S. involvement. College students, members of a traditionalpacifist religious groups, longtime peace activists, and citizens of all ages opposedthe conflict. Some were motivated by fear of being drafted. Others out ofcommitment, and some just joined the crowd just to follow. Although the antiwarmovement was frequently associated with the young, support for the war wasactually highest in the age group 20-29. The movement probably played a role inconvincing Lyndon Johnson not to run for reelection in 1968, and an even largerrole in the victory of Richard Nixon over the Democrat Hubert Humphrey. Thewar changed Americas society. The Civil Rights Movement changed the way people live today. In 1964,Lyndon B. Johnson signed the Civil Rights Law of race and sexual discrimination. If this didnt take place, people today wouldnt be able to get jobs because of thesex and race. Johnson then signed yet another Civil Rights Law that would affectpeople today if it didnt come about. It was a law on voting rights. Many peopleprotested to make these right come about in the nineteen sixties. Contributionswere made by Martin Luther King, Jr. and all of the activists of the sixties. If theselaws were not passed then people today wouldnt be able to take an active part inthe government or get the jobs they wanted. Bibliography?BibliographyRaskin, Jonah. Abbie Hoffman. 1998: 1-2. On-line. Internet. 6 Feb. 2001. Available: http://www.go.grolier.comPhinney, David. Rewind: 1968. 1998: 1-5. On-line. Internet. 5 Feb. 2001. Available:http://www.abcnews.go.com/sections/us/1968/Rewind1968_DNC.htmlMailer, Norman. The Best of Abbie Hoffman. New York: Four WallsEight Windows, 1989. Korcz, Keith. Myths and Facts About the 1960s. 1-4. On-line. Internet. 4 Feb. 2001. Available:http://www.ucs.usl.edu/kak7409/groovy60s.htmlJackson, Leslie. The Sixties. London: Phaidon Press Limited, 1998Drake, Nicholas. The Sixties: A Decade in Vogue. New York: PrenticeHall Press, 1983

Free Essays on Comparison of The American Revolution and the French Revolution

During the late 1800's, two great revolutions occurred, the American Revolution and the French Revolution. These two historical events happened at the same time, but had a great number differences and very little similarity. When French Revolution occurred, it turned into a very violent and bloody event, while the American Revolution was almost nonviolent, aside from the war. In 1774, King Louis XVI made a decision that could have prevented the French Revolution by breathing new life into the French economy: he appointed Physiocrat Robert Turgot as Controller General of Finance. The Physiocrats were a small band of followers of the French physician Francois Quesnay, whose economic prescriptions included reduced taxes, less regulation, the elimination of government-granted monopolies and internal tolls and tariffs, ideas that found their rallying cry in the famous slogan, "laissez-faire, laissez-passer." The Physiocrats exerted a profound influence on Adam Smith, who had spent time in France in the 1760s and whose classic The Wealth of Nations embodied the Physiocratic attack on mercantilism and argued that nations get rich by practicing free trade.2 Of Smith, Turgot, and the Physiocrats, the great French statesman and author Frederic Bastiat (1801-1850) wrote: "The basis of their whole economic system may be truly said to lie in the principle of self-interest. . . . The only function of government according to this doctrine is to protect life, liberty, and property."10 Embracing the principle of free trade not just as a temporary expedient, but as a philosophy, Turgot got the king to sign an edict in January 1776 that abolished the monopolies and special privileges of the guilds, corporations, and trading companies. He then dedicated himself to breaking down the internal tariffs within France. By limiting government expense, he was able to cut the budget by 60 million livres and reduce the interest on ... Free Essays on Comparison of The American Revolution and the French Revolution Free Essays on Comparison of The American Revolution and the French Revolution During the late 1800's, two great revolutions occurred, the American Revolution and the French Revolution. These two historical events happened at the same time, but had a great number differences and very little similarity. When French Revolution occurred, it turned into a very violent and bloody event, while the American Revolution was almost nonviolent, aside from the war. In 1774, King Louis XVI made a decision that could have prevented the French Revolution by breathing new life into the French economy: he appointed Physiocrat Robert Turgot as Controller General of Finance. The Physiocrats were a small band of followers of the French physician Francois Quesnay, whose economic prescriptions included reduced taxes, less regulation, the elimination of government-granted monopolies and internal tolls and tariffs, ideas that found their rallying cry in the famous slogan, "laissez-faire, laissez-passer." The Physiocrats exerted a profound influence on Adam Smith, who had spent time in France in the 1760s and whose classic The Wealth of Nations embodied the Physiocratic attack on mercantilism and argued that nations get rich by practicing free trade.2 Of Smith, Turgot, and the Physiocrats, the great French statesman and author Frederic Bastiat (1801-1850) wrote: "The basis of their whole economic system may be truly said to lie in the principle of self-interest. . . . The only function of government according to this doctrine is to protect life, liberty, and property."10 Embracing the principle of free trade not just as a temporary expedient, but as a philosophy, Turgot got the king to sign an edict in January 1776 that abolished the monopolies and special privileges of the guilds, corporations, and trading companies. He then dedicated himself to breaking down the internal tariffs within France. By limiting government expense, he was able to cut the budget by 60 million livres and reduce the interest on ...

Career Progression Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Exam 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Exam 3 - Essay Example The given statement signifies that ‘Simon cannot be in Columbus and Akron,’ while the choice statement indicates that ‘the city cannot afford to build a new town hall and a highway.’ Both are very direct in their assumptions, and nonetheless were coincided with their likewise direct and logical conclusions that ‘Akron will not be toured by Simon’ and ‘a new town hall will not be built anytime soon’, respectively. Both arguments can be regarded as valid because their conclusions follow what their premises indicate; both also are logically true as claims are accurate and materially consistent with facts (Surhone, Timpledon, & Marseken, 2010). It should be noted, moreover, that the concluding sentences of the two arguments are congruous to their major and minor premises, which are needless to say, imperative in deciphering whether or not validity is present. Both categorical propositions, ultimately, are logically acceptable and sound as their construction or arrangement is more precise than the rest of the choice at hand. Reference Surhone, L. M., Timpledon, M. T. & Marseken, S. F. (2010). Syllogism. Saarbrucken: Betascript.

Automotive Production Levels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Automotive Production Levels - Essay Example It also ensures that firms do not make profits at the expense of consumers. This essay highlights issues relating to mergers, the role of government in market economy, complexities of self-expansion, and other issues facing companies. Government regulation and importance of government involvement in a market economy Government regulation is of major importance in the creation of mergers, as a certain level of regulation is needed to enhance the functions of contemporary markets. Through regulation, the government ensures that merging industries support policy goals. Government regulates mergers to ensure that the parties to the contract have confidence in it and that the stipulated property rights are defined clearly. According to Gaughan, (2010) regulation comprises of rules, which are administered by the government with the aim of influencing business behavior and economic activities. In the light of this, regulation captures a range of government actions such as setting market fra meworks, primary legislation to detailed regulations that are enforced by specialist sectoral regulators. Government regulation of mergers has beneficial effects to the society as it provides protection. Some government regulations for instance, protect the safety and health of workers. Moreover, regulation plays a huge role in consumer protection as industries are approved and licensed. Government involvement in the market economy aims at attainment of important goals such as equity and social efficiency. In equity, the government aims at achieving fair distribution of resources while social equity is achieved by equating marginal benefits and marginal costs of consumption and production. The government also plays an important role in the market economy by formulating policies with the intent of promoting dissemination of information. To achieve this, government provides education, extension, and supports the media for the delivery of important information regarding the markets. Fu rthermore, through distribution, price assembly and labeling requirements, the government ensures that there is some truth in advertising (Gaughan, 2010). Government involvement in the market may be in order to combat externalities. According to Gaughan ( 2010), externalities arise when the activities assumed by some agents in the market affect the technologies or preferences of other agents. There are positive, negative, consumption, and production externalities. The government is also involved in the market for provision of public goods. These are goods, which are consumed concurrently by many individuals and are free to access. In case the government is not involved in the provision of these goods, the market mechanism cannot provide them, as they are not profitable. These goods include infrastructure, environmental amenities and national security. Government involvement in the market economy curtails non-competitive behavior. Non-competitive behavior arises in case of monopoly w hereby the supply of a good is controlled by a single agent and whereby a single agent controls demand. Moreover, the government checks the activities of middlemen to ensure that consumers do not suffer. In addition, the government is also involved in the market economy to ensure that equal distribution of income is attained. The government achieves this through transfer policies such as inheritance and income taxes and social security

Heroin Harm Reduction Strategies in the US

Heroin Harm Reduction Strategies in the US The Northern Kentucky (NKY) Independent Health Department represents four different counties in Kentucky: Boone, Campbell, Grant, and Kenton. This region is often referred to as District 8 and it is made up of 381,153 Kentuckians. In 2008, a startling 18% of individuals in the region were diagnosed with depression and 9.8 % of individuals were living below the poverty level. Yet, the most pressing issue in this district is the heroin epidemic and its association with HCV. According to the NKY Drug Strike Force, three of the four counties in District 8 are the most problematic in the Northern Kentucky Area Development District. Boone, Kenton, and Campbell counties represent 60% of Kentucky’s heroin prosecutions for trafficking and possession. Data shows between 2008 and 2012 the heroin court cases in these three counties increased from 257 cases to 1339; an alarming 500% surge. These alarming statistics influenced the NKIHD to partner with various organizations to form the NKCRHE. Although a comprehensive community wide plan is now under development through the Response Team, there are major political, social, and economic factors to consider before reducing and stopping the epidemic. Social Factors The Heroin Impact Response Team sees stigma is the primary reason for the silence associated with heroin in NKY. Stigma is defined as a mark of disgrace with a particular circumstance, quality or person. This mark can be alienating and oppressive to individuals and can lead to prejudice and discrimination. People with a history of drug use are highly stigmatized and often become outcasts in society. Some groups argue this stigma helps reduce the drug problem in communities because it shows society’s disapproval of drug use. However, this argument is flawed because it does not consider that stigma can lead to shame and can lead people to hide their unacceptable and undesirable behaviors. Hiding and silencing drug use not only leads to delays in seeking help, but also leads to barriers in recovery and reintegration into society. NKY is a prime example of silence resulting from stigma. Between 2010 and 2012, the number of heroin overdoses in NKY doubled from 31 to 61 and the rates of HCV were more than double Kentucky’s rate.Despite this alarming statistic, until October 2012, communities in NKY were silent about the epidemic. The map below shows NKY is rooted in a historically conservative state, and thus NKY’s social and cultural environment strongly reflect conservative ideologies. These ideologies promote the silence, because speaking out would constitute condemnation, it would depict the family-unit as inadequate, and the community as a hazardous waste land. Finally, families in NKY are speaking out about the epidemic. They are sharing their personal stories and those of their lost loved ones. Through advocacy and education, they are working to break down the barriers associated with the stigma of drug use. Yet stigma is a powerful barrier, and education and community participation may not be enough to reduce the social barriers associated with heroin use. An additional powerful approach may be to remove certain legislative and administrative restrictions that reinforce stigmatization. The removal of these restrictions can lead to drug-user harm reduction strategies and programs, which could be considered the first steps to stop the spread of HCV and the first steps to recovery. Political Factors One of the most effective harm reduction strategies to consider is sterile Needle and Syringe Programs (NSPs). In 2004, the World Health Organization (WHO) released a report on the effectiveness NSPs in which they confirmed studies in the report presented â€Å"a compelling case that NSPs substantially and cost effectively reduce the spread of HIV (and other infectious diseases) and do so without evidence of exacerbating injective drug use at either the individual or societal level† (World Health Organization, 2004). Not surprisingly, the CDC, the National Institute of Health (NIH) and most of the medical and scientific community are advocates of NSPs because the scientific data supports the efficacy of these programs. In addition, these types of programs are seen as the first steps to recovery because they provide abusers the opportunity to seek help and obtain necessary primary health care Although the federal government does not ban the use of NSP’s, since the late 1980’s federal funding for NSPs was prohibited in the United States. In 2009, President Barack Obama removed this ban and allowed states to use federal funds for Syringe Exchange Programs (SEPs). The ban, unfortunately, was reinstated in 2011 due to a change in the federal spending package for 2012. As a result of the political controversy, this type of harm reduction strategy will be difficult to promote in NKY because despite the scientific data, Kentucky legislation continues to prohibit the use of NSPs. The controversy arises from the common misconception that NSPs promote drug use, encourages abusers to stay addicted to drugs, and fosters criminal behavior. Others argue these types of programs are a costly waste because they do not stop addiction. Scientific data, however, shows both of these arguments are invalid. The efficacy of the programs is evident in various studies and the cost be nefit analysis’ shows that â€Å"a full-coverage program that exchanges all used syringes in the United States would cost approximately $423 million but avert 1.3 billion in medical care and treatment costs† The development of an exchange program is not explicitly prohibited in the Kentucky statutes, however the Kentucky Revised Statute 218A.500(3) addresses the prohibition of distribution of drug paraphernalia: â€Å" It is unlawful for any person to deliver, possess with intent to deliver, or manufacture with intent to deliver, drug paraphernalia, knowing, or under circumstances where one reasonably should know, that it will be used to plant, propagate, cultivate, grow, harvest, manufacture, compound†¦inject, ingest, inhale, or otherwise introduce into the human body a controlled substance†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Kentucky Legislative Research Commission, 2010). In 1992, Dr. John Poundstone wrote a letter to the Kentucky Attorney General requesting an opinion on NSPs in the state of Kentucky. The Kentucky Attorney General advised urban-county health departments could be guilty of criminal offence and liability if they were to pursue development of a needle exchange program Economic Factors If successful in changing Kentucky legislation to allow harm reduction strategies such as SNP’s, the next issue NKY will encounter is the economical component. In 2005, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) reported an estimated $1.9 billion was spent on mental health and substance abuse (MHSA) treatment in Kentucky which is approximately 1.5% of all the MHSA treatment in the United States (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration, 2012). However, the most pressing economic problem in NKY is the low federal and state funds distributed to the region for drug abuse and mental health; in fact, Northern Kentucky receives the lowest funds of the 14 regions in the state. Since federal funding cannot be used for NSPs the NKY region would be completely dependent on state and local funds. Yet, NKY receives only 8.16% of the state’s general funds for MHSA despite making up more than 10% of Kentucky’s general population. To make matters worse, NKY Health Department continuously faces budget cuts and the reduction in funds results in an uneven distribution of monies for various programs. In 2012-2013 the health department faced a 5% decrease in revenue due to cuts in state, federal and Medicaid funding; figure 1 shows this represented approximately $739,247. Figure 2 shows the decrease in revenue resulted in a 7% decrease in expenditures, approximately $1,050,043. These cuts make it difficult for the health department to address the heroin and communicable disease issues in a more robust manner. Notwithstanding these economic setbacks, the heroin and HCV epidemic has spiraled out of control and has become a monster that can only be tamed by organizations coming together to address the issue.

Female Deception in Aristophanes Essays -- Aristophanes Women Thesmoph

Female Deception in Aristophanes The sly, deceptive nature of women in Ancient Greece is a prominent theme in the comic plays of Aristophanes. Like many other Grecian writers, his depiction of crimes committed by women slanders their reputation and reinforces the negative female stereotypes of the times. Yet when one looks at the issue through the eyes of the female characters in his plays, women’s deception appears to be not only natural, but even praiseworthy for its reliability and aide in leadership, and is relatively insubstantial compared to the crimes committed by men. In particular, his two plays Women at the Thesmophoria and Assemblywomen show that female attitudes about deception were varied depending on the crime, and that if a woman’s deception was for a good cause it was pardoned in the eyes of her fellow matrons. In Women at the Thesmophoria, a Kinsman of Euripides disguises himself as a woman and sneaks into the festival of the Thesmophoria in order to defend the tragic poet, who the women want to kill because he slanders them in his plays. In her speech against him at the festival, Mika complains that he calls them â€Å"lover-bangers, nymphos, wine-oglers, disloyal, chattery, unwholesome, the bane of men’s lives† (lines 431-432). On the one hand, these women do not deny the charges Euripides brings against them but seem only to want to continue getting away with them without being caught, ironically giving proof to their deceptive nature. In lines 384-396 the female Herald actually admits that these types of crimes do occur in the household. However, the women’s acceptance of them varies. While they defend the practice of baby-swapping, they denounce women who betray lovers, elderly women who steal youn... ...n of deceit in women by no means lessens the restrictions on gender roles and norms in Ancient Greek society, it suggests that women’s opinions on deception were much more tolerant if the circumstances behind the deceit made it excusable. Women seem to view their own deception as innate, useful in certain situations, and insignificant compared to the vulgar, selfish acts of men. The combination of these female attitudes with those of the male characters gives women’s deceit both positive as well as negative connotations. Whether a male comedian’s perception of women’s attitudes about deceit reflects actual female opinion or not is still to be contested, but even by poking fun at women’s ability to rule Aristophanes is giving the Athenian women some voice about their own deceptive characteristics and creates a more well-rounded look at female deception as a whole.

Injury Prevention Essay

Abstract On this paper we will review the formation of injury prevention coalition in Lincoln state. We will look at the ideal size, effects and impacts, member recruiting process, expectations, advantages and disadvantages of decision making, evaluation, resource management, leadership and organization of Lincoln State Injury Coalition (LSIC). A coalition should be formed in Lincoln state to successfully tackle mortality rates attributed to injury, which is the fourth leading cause of death of Lincoln resident before age 65 (Turnock, 2009). The focus of LSIC should include primary functions like service delivery, planning and policy development, surveillance and assessment, and education and outreach in the community structures and program. LSIC should have a diverse group of participants with different skills set e.g. planning, project management, grant writing, decision making, communication etc; each member can contribute their particular expertise or resources to facilitate activities. LSIC can address community health hazard concerns while empowering or developing capacities. LSIC can also solve or improve the problem of high mortality rates attributed to injury by focusing on the risk groups and they can better coordinate services and improve working relationship among organizations. LSIC success is based on its members, recruiting the right member and their retention can make or break the coalition. Members also have to be active participants, communicate effectively amongst the group, mutually agree upon and recognized governance system, ability to recognize and deal with conflicts (Brownson, Baker & Novick, 1999). LSIC may also experience potential drawbacks like, a â€Å"slow, consensus-building process for decision making resulting in a weakened position on some issues and differences among the organizations that comprise the coalition may prevent it from taking strong stands on particular matters or moving as quickly as desired (http://www.cwru.edu, 1999). The LSIC and the State Health Department can further decrease mortality rates attributed to motor-vehicle  crashes in Lincoln by setting goals and measuring its long term effects in order to measure success. They should also set and regulate standards for motor vehicles and highways (Turnock, 2009). LSIC is operating on a $100,000 budget, since human labor is the most budget consuming we would have to work with a small group. We might also try recruiting volunteers and compliment them with small incentives. We could also have the health department fund staffing, if the resources are available, which would save the coalition money and in turn create more resources. The media, law enforcement agency, diverse religious organizations, healthcare professionals, substance abuse program organizations, volunteer groups, government agencies, and schools would be invited to the meeting. Recruiting members who have access to bringing in additional funds, individuals who share the same vision and want to institute change, individuals from various cultures and various social classes would also prove beneficial. Each member must have a defined role, rights and responsibility; these individuals or organizations must also be residents of Lincoln state. The members can represent organizations and individual leadership as long as each individual is assigned role and responsibility (http://www.wch.uhs.wisc.edu). Business organizations or individuals who try to promote their businesses for self gain would probably be avoided. Once the structure of the coalition has been established a committee or board advisory should be elected from the coalition members to take charge. A director or coordinator may also be hired to facilitate the process, this individual should have experience with grassroots community development and posses the ability to motive and inspire its members, demonstrate initiative and drive, possesses knowledge and enthusiasm, good communicator and good organizer. The Lincoln State Department of Public Health (LSDPH) would be encouraged to be involved due to their expertise and available resources (Brownson, Baker & Novick, 1999). Access to available resource either financial or informational proves vital, so LSDPH should also serve as coalition members. The involvement of the LSDPH may also make the coalition more attractive and credible thereby increasing interest of its members. Clearly stating each members role is crucial, a decision making body should be chosen and these members should make formal decisions relating to injury preventive intervention. Members of the coalition should voice their concerns and issues during meeting. The  decision body can then make decisions on mandatory safety seats for adults (passengers and drivers) and baby passengers and alcohol impairment. Once these decisions have been made the committees can then vote and pass their vote onto the LSDPH. The decision making process could be time consuming and potentially drawback the coalition’s success. Better decisions are made using this style of decision making process and therefore increase the morale of the group ultimately leading to success. The location of the coalition meeting should be easily accessible and close to the LSDPH which lies in the heart of the city. The coalition can be evaluated by using self assessment tools e.g. surveys, for its members. They can evaluate their leaders, committee members, staff, decision process and implementations. References Brownson, Ross C., Baker, Elizabeth A., Novick, Lloyd F. (1999) Community-based prevention: programs that work Gaithersburg, Md.: Aspen Publishers. Turnock, Bernard J. (2009). Public Health: What It Is and How It Works. Public Heath Spotlight on Injury Prevention (pp. 401-411) Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. â€Å"ORGANIZING A COMMUNITY HEALTH ADVOCACY COALITION.† Oct. 1999. 9 Nov. 2012. . â€Å"Coalition Building.† Wisconsin Clearinghouse for Prevention Resources. 9 Nov. 2012. .

Conductivity and Conductive Elements

Conductivity and Conductive Elements Conductivity refers to the ability of a material to transmit energy. There are different types of conductivity, including electrical, thermal, and acoustical conductivity.  The most electrically conductive  element is silver, followed by copper and gold. Silver also has the highest thermal conductivity of any element and the highest light reflectance. Although it is the best conductor, copper and gold are used more often in electrical applications because copper is less expensive and gold has a much higher corrosion resistance. Because silver tarnishes, it is less desirable for high frequencies because the exterior surface becomes less conductive. As to why silver is the best conductor, the answer is that its electrons are freer to move than those of the other elements. This has to do with its valence and crystal structure. Most metals conduct electricity. Other elements with high electrical conductivity, are aluminum, zinc, nickel, iron, and platinum. Brass and bronze are electrically conductive alloys, rather than elements. Table of the Conductive Order of Metals This list of electric conductivity includes alloys as well as pure elements. Because the size and shape of a substance affect its conductivity, the list assumes all samples are the same size. In order of most conductive to least conductive: SilverCopperGoldAluminumZincNickelBrassBronzeIronPlatinumCarbon SteelLeadStainless Steel Factors That Affect Electrical Conductivity Certain factors can affect how well a material conducts electricity. Temperature: Changing temperature of silver or any other conductor alters its conductivity. In general, increasing the temperature causes thermal excitation of the atoms and decreases conductivity while increasing resistivity. The relationship is linear, but it breaks down at low temperatures.Impurities: Adding an impurity to a conductor decreases its conductivity. For example, sterling silver is not as good of a conductor as pure silver. Oxidized silver is not as good a conductor as untarnished silver. Impurities hinder electron flow.Crystal structure and phases: If there are different phases of a material, conductivity will slow slightly at the interface and may be different from one structure than another. The way a material has been processed can affect how well it conducts electricity.Electromagnetic fields: Conductors generate their own electromagnetic fields when electricity runs through them, with the magnetic field perpendicular to the electric field. External electromagneti c fields can produce magnetoresistance, which can slow the flow of current. Frequency: The number of oscillation cycles an alternating electrical current completes per second is its frequency in Hertz. Above a certain level, a high frequency can cause current to flow around a conductor rather than through it (skin effect). Since there is no oscillation and hence no frequency, the skin effect does not occur with direct current.

Equal Opportunity Employment †Affirmative Action

Equal Opportunity Employment – Affirmative Action Free Online Research Papers Equal opportunity employment is very much a legal topic, but it also deals with emotional issues as well. It concerns all individuals, regardless of their sex, race, religion, age, national origin, color, physical condition, or position in an organization. Management of all organizations needs to be aware of their personal biases and how their attitude can affect their work with their subordinates. It needs to be emphasized that both covert and intentional discrimination in employment is illegal. When supervisors ignore the legal dealings of human resource management, they risk costly and time-consuming litigation, negative public attitudes, and damage to their individual careers. Affirmative action allows us to correct discrimination practices that have occurred in the past, by actively recruiting minority-group members, and the importance of supporting diversity as a proactive business goal. Affirmative action is a primary legal tool to promote minorities who have been historically discriminated against and there is a lot of evidence that minorities have been brought into the mainstream and accepted. Then managers embrace a diverse team of employees, they acknowledge that employees have individual differences, and people with varied abilities can make contributions. Affirmative action programs are necessary to prevent people from being denied access due to their race, and it also helps to provide equality in the work place. They benefit our entire society because increasing wealth for underrepresented groups increases wealth for all. It has been said that acquiring more women and minorities into big businesses should be done. In the 1960’s businesses would higher white males as management while excluding women and minorities, even if the women and minorities had more competence for the job. Organizations have evolved since then and more women and minorities do hold management positions, a lot of this change is due to affirmative action. If organizations were to put an equal amount of men, women, and minorities, into decision-making positions, the outcome could have a larger variety of ideas that could lead to bigger profits. However, I do not think women or minorities alone have an â€Å"advantage† over men in creating greater profits. Nor do I believe that men alone would create more profits than women or minorities, either. Excluding women and minorities from the workplace ignores the talents of more than half the populations. I think if people truly saw each other as equals and they would just stop believing that one gender or race is better than another gender or race, than great outcomes could occur. I believe this would be the optimum way to evolve. Organizations could evolve into businesses full of employees that work together to bring more profitable and creative ideas to the work place, if only they truly believed in equal opportunities for everyone. The policies of affirmative action will result in increases in the representation of women and minorities across all levels of employment in the United States and within organizations that were once exclusively male. This has led to higher employment participation rates, increased earnings, and gains in education attainment for women and minorities. Implementing affirmative action encourages initiative and the use of non-traditional means that will identify and place those individuals who have the qualifications to succeed. Affirmative action does not displace other qualified individuals. It simply recognizes that diversity is an asset to any group trying to fulfill a function, as long as each person has the qualifications or abilities to do so. Affirmative action can be successfully established by setting up unambiguous, explicit, and focused qualification criteria to be used in selection and promotion decisions. The requisite criteria should be communicated clearly, and relevant audiences should perceive the selection procedure as fair. The recipient’s contributions to the organization, as well as his or her specific competencies should be emphasized, and the conditions under which employees, including affirmative action recipients, must cooperate to meet organizational goals need to be established. Affirmative action is one of the most effective ways to address the long-standing problems of racism and sexism within organizations in our country. It serves as a pathway for reaching the American goal of equality. Affirmative action will level the playing field when employing people in organizations. It allows organizations to advertise jobs to a broader audience and makes the application process not only accessible to white American men, but also to women and minorities too. However, it does not mean that organizations should select a minority over a more qualified non-minority individual. It allows everyone to begin at the starting line together, and then the individuals that are most qualified for the positions will end up employed. There will be no disregarding somebody due to their sex, race, religion, age, national origin, color, physical condition, or position in an organization. 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Club it Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Club it - Essay Example More explicitly, â€Å"Organizations can leverage their platforms to develop new Web-based applications, services and products, as well as to provide superb customer service† (Turban, ).The paper involves the club’s mission statement is primary clientele, information resources, and customer orientation as the strategy to obtain a competitive advantage. Club’s Mission Statement and its Primary Clientele The Club IT owners, Lisa Tejada and Ruben Keys, both possess a degree in Business Administration. They learned ‘Club IT’ operations and general business principles from their experiences and studies. The mission statement involves; â€Å"Written declaration of a firm's core purpose and focus which normally remain unchanged, whereas business strategies and practices may frequently be altered to adapt to the changing circumstances. Properly crafted mission statements (1) Serve as filters to separate what is important from what is no; (2) Clearly state w hich markets will be served and how; (3)Communicate a sense of intended direction to the entire organization† (Mission statement definition). The mission statement for the ‘Club IT’ illustrates as: Club IT offer live music, DJ's, dance space and refreshments that suit lifestyle for the customers. Customers are friends, and the ‘Club IT’ staff seeks to fabricate a community that meets recurrently at the ‘Club IT’ (Club IT). ‘Club IT’ community incorporates young professionals, teenagers, college students, tourists, and business travelers. The location of the ‘Club IT’ attracts many singles, couples, teenagers and business professionals to come and relax. Furthermore, the nightclub allows for the switching of entertainment and it becomes more appealing as it gets later into the evening. Likewise, the music offered by ‘Club IT’ also attracts college students. Word of mouth allows ‘Club IT’ increasing its revenues from this segment. Finally, ‘Club IT’ attracts tourists and business travelers who are visiting the city. Club’s Information Resources Information resources of ‘Club IT’ include hardware, software, applications and network components. Applications are operated throughout the network making itself as a crucial component of ‘Club IT’. Information systems of ‘Club IT’ include servers, database and workstations. However, for better performance, appropriate maintenance is required for information systems and the network components to ensure efficiency and effectiveness. There should be two logical partitions for IT resource management i.e. the information technology department and the end users. However, no standard menus are available to identify responsibilities for both ‘IT department’ and ‘end users department’. The division is usually determined by the size, nature and attitu de of the organization headed for information technology, and the quantity of IT resources. Club IT information resources consist of intranet. The intranet is an in house website. It operates in the organizations on a local area network (LAN) and serves the local staff only. Every small, medium and large organization consists of an intranet. There is a possibility of pages linked on the Internet. The intranet is not accessible to public networks. The club policies, news, schedules, training manuals, and meeting schedules are published on the intranet (Intranet definition from PC magazine encyclopedia). Customer Orientation as

-Factors influencing on tourist's purchasing decision Essay

-Factors influencing on tourist's purchasing decision - Essay Example In applying this approach, the authors were able to establish that the 9/11 attacks significantly affected the tourists’ decisions in their travel plans (Arana and Leon, 2008). I understand from the study that tourists’ decisions were filled with anxiety mostly triggered by terrorist shock. Profits also declined because of terrorist considerations for tourists. The purchasing prospects were however improved in terms of quality of tourism products, especially the quality of the urban environment (Arana and Leon, 2008). Improvements in tourist decisions to travel were however improved after six to twelve months after terrorist events. The importance of therefore reducing the number of terrorist attacks is therefore an important consideration in tourist’s purchasing decisions. Moreover, where the potential for avoiding any terror risks is low, the impact on tourist decisions is high. Thereby, the tourist would again likely avoid the tourist destination (Arana and Leon, 2008). For which reason, continuous bomb attacks in Israel’s coffeeshops affected tourist’s decisions to choose Israel as a destination. There was a constant and persistent risk for being killed by a terrorist bomb in Israel, and so the decisions for avoidance were high among tourists. The image associated with the terrorist attacks also affected tourist behaviour, leading to avoidance tendencies on destinations with a high Islamic population (Arana and Leon, 2008). This study was able to establish specific concepts about tourist behaviour in relation to terrorism and terrorist attacks. In the current age where the biggest threat to national security is terrorism, tourists have become understandably wary of places with these significant and blatant threats. The September 11 attacks exhibited a significant impact on tourist behaviour, but the impact has been temporary. However, the more persistent said attacks become, the more cautious tourists also